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This is a list of the three generations of ICBMs produced and deployed by the United States during the Cold War, with a fourth generation ICBM being deployed in small numbers at the end of the Cold War in 1991. Development of Intercontinental ballistic missile (ICBM) technology as an outgrowth of the World War II V-2 rocket technology developed by Germany, and the mating of nuclear weapon technology developed by the United States created an entire new method of warfare. Due to their great range and firepower, in an all-out nuclear war, land-based ICBMs would carry most of the destructive force, with long-range, nuclear-armed bombers and Submarine-launched ballistic missiles carrying the remainder. These three components were collectivity referred to as the United States nuclear triad. The United States Air Force Strategic Air Command (SAC) was the US military command and control organization for ICBMs and nuclear-armed bombers. Over a million men and women served in SAC, on daily alert 24 hours a day, with a mission to preserve the peace and deter any aggressor nation from attacking the United States and its allies. Note: The PGM-17 Thor and PGM-19 Jupiter Medium-range ballistic missiles (MRBM), or the SM-62 Snark intercontinental cruise missile developed by the US Air Force in the 1950s are not included on this list. ==SM-65 Atlas== The First Generation SM-65 Atlas, was the United States' first successful ICBM, flown in 1957,and taken out of active service in 1965. Strategic Air Command deployed Atlas model D, Atlas model E, and Atlas model F. The Atlas used liquid fuel and it took 15 minutes to pump 249,000 pounds of propellant aboard the "quick firing" Atlas F. It was dangerous work. Four Atlas silos were destroyed when propellant-loading exercises went awry. As an emergency measure, from September 1959 until 1 May 1964 the Air Force deployed three Atlas D missiles on open launch pads at Vandenberg AFB, California, under the control of the 576th Strategic Missile Squadron, 704th Strategic Missile Wing. Completely exposed to the elements, the three missiles were serviced by a gantry crane with one missile on alert at all times. Atlas model D missiles were deployed to the following units: * 389th Strategic Missile Wing : Francis E. Warren AFB, Wyoming from 2 September 1960-1 Jul 1964 : 564th Strategic Missile Squadron (6 missiles) : 565th Strategic Missile Squadron (9 missiles) * 385th Bombardment (later Strategic Aerospace) Wing : Offut AFB, Nebraska from 30 March 1961-1 Oct 1964 : 549th Strategic Missile Squadron (9 missiles) Atlas model E missiles were deployed to the following units: * 92nd Bombardment (later Strategic Aerospace) Wing : Fairchild Air Force Base, Washington from 28 September 1961-17 February 1965 : 567th Strategic Missile Squadron, (9 missiles) * 40th Strategic Aerospace Wing : Forbes AFB, Kansas from 10 October 1961-4 January 1965 : 548th Strategic Missile Squadron, (9 missiles) * 389th Strategic Missile Wing : Francis E. Warren AFB, Wyoming from 20 November 1961-4 January 1965 : 566th Strategic Missile Squadron (9 missiles) Atlas model F missiles were deployed to the following units: * 310th Bombardment (later Strategic Aerospace) Wing : Schilling AFB, Kansas (9 September 1962-1 February 1965) : 550th Strategic Missile Squadron (12 missiles) * 98th Strategic Aerospace Wing : Lincoln AFB, Nebraska (15 September 1962-10 March 1965) : 551st Strategic Missile Squadron (12 missiles) * 11th Bombardment (later Strategic Aerospace) Wing : Altus AFB, Oklahoma (9 October 1962-30 December 1964) : 577th Strategic Missile Squadron (12 missiles) * 96th Bombardment (later Strategic Aerospace) Wing : Dyess AFB, Texas (15 November 1962-1 December 1964) : 578th Strategic Missile Squadron (12 missiles) * 6th Bombardment (later Strategic Aerospace) Wing : Walker AFB, New Mexico (30 November 1962-5 January 1965) : 579th Strategic Missile Squadron (12 missiles) * 820th Air (later Strategic Aerospace) Division : Plattsburgh AFB, New York (20 December 1962-12 March 1965) : 556th Strategic Missile Squadron (12 missiles) NASA used a modified version of the Atlas-D (Atlas LV-3B) in the Project Mercury program and launched four astronauts into space in 1962–1963. A variant was also used in the Project Gemini program from 1966. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「List of USAF Strategic Missile Wings assigned to Strategic Air Command」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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